The botanical name of Brinjal is Solanum melongena L. ; it belongs to the family Solanaceae
Varieties: CO 2, MDU - 1 , PKM 1, PLR 1, KKM – 1, PPI 1, Annamalai and COBH 1 (Hybrid)
Soil: Well drained soil rich in organic matter with pH of 6.5-7.5
Season of Sowing: December – January and May – June.
Seed rate:
Varieties : 400 g/ha
Hybrids : 100 g/ha
Nursery area : 100 sq.m./ha.
Apply FYM 10 kg, neem cake 1kg, super phosphate 100 g, furadan 10 g per square metre.
Treat the seeds with Trichoderma viride @ 4 g/kg of seed. Treat the seeds with Azospirillum at 40 g/400 g of seeds using rice gruel as adhesive. Irrigate with rose can. In raised nursery beds sow the seeds in lines at 10 cm apart and cover with sand. Transplant the seedlings 30 – 35
days after sowing at 60 cm apart in the ridges.
Spacing : 60 x 60 cm
Preparation of Field: Plough the field to a fine tilth. Apply FYM or compost at the last ploughing and form ridges and furrows at 60 cm apart. Pre-emergence application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i (or) fluchloralin 1 g a.i/ha is recommended.
Irrigation: After establishment, irrigate at weekly intervals.
Application of fertilizers: Apply FYM 25 t/ha. N 50 kg, P 50 kg and K 30 kg/ha as basal dose, N 50 kg/ha 30 days after transplanting during earthing up. Apply 2 kg each of Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria in the mainfield at planting. Spray 2 ppm (1 ml in 500 lit) Triacontanol plus Sodium Borate or Borax 35 mg/lit of water 15 days after transplanting and at the time of full
bloom to increase the yield.
After cultivation: One hand weeding, Top dressing and earthing up on 30 days after planting.
Plant protection against Pests
Nematode and Damping off disease: Seed treatment with antagonistic fungi viz. Trichoderma harzianum 4 g/kg seed or T. viride 4 g/kg seed along with application of press mud at 5 kg/m2 or Carbonfuran 3 G 10 g/m2. Application of Carbofuran 3 G at 10 g/sq.m at the time of sowing.
Apply Pseudomonas fluorescens at 10 g/m2 for nematodes and damping off disease.
Epilachna beetle: Collect the beetles, grubs, pupae and destroy. Spray carbaryl 50 WP 2 g/lit or endosulfan 35 EC 2 ml/lit.
Whitefly: Monitor the whitefly with yellow sticky trap at 12/ha. Spray Neem oil 3% plus Teepol (1 ml/lit) or spray Neem Seed Kernel Extract 5 %.
Shoot & fruit borer: Remove the affected terminal shoot showing boreholes. Remove the affected fruits and destroy. Spray any one of the following chemicals starting from one month after planting at 15 days interval.
1. Carbaryl 50 WP 2 g/lit + Wettable Sulphur 50% WP 2 g/lit.
2. Endosulfan 35 EC 2 ml/lit + Neem oil 3%.
3. Quinalphos 25 EC 2 ml/lit + Neem oil 3%.
4. Neem Seed Kernel Extract 5%.
5. Avoid using synthetic pyrethroids.
Ash Weevil: Apply carbofuran 3 G at 15 kg/ha 15 days after planting.
Aphid: Methyl demeton 25 EC 2 ml/lit or dimethoate 30 EC 2 ml/lit. Release 1st instar larvae of Green lace wing bug (Chrysoperla carnea) @ 10,000 per ha.
Red Spider mite: Spray dicofol 18.5 EC 2.5 ml/lit or wettable sulphur 50 WP 2 g/lit.
Protection against Diseases
Damping off: Treat the seeds with Trichoderma viride 4 g/kg or Pseudomonas fluorescens 10 g /kg of seed 24 hours before sowing. Apply Pseudomonas fluorescens as soil application @ 2.5 kg/ha mixed with 50 kg of FYM. Stagnation of water should be avoided. Drench with Copper oxychloride at 2.5 g/lit at 4lit/sq.m
Leaf Spot: Spray Mancozeb 2 g/lit.
Little Leaf: Remove the affected plants in the early stages and spray methyl demeton 25 EC 2 ml/lit or dimethoate 30 EC 2 ml/lit. to control the vector.
Yield:
Varieties : 25 - 30 t/ha
Hybrids : 45 - 50 t/ha
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